Terrestrial Animal Health Code
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Terrestrial Animal Health Code |
Procedures for self declaration and for official recognition by the OIE
General principles
Member Countries may wish to make a self declaration as to the freedom of a country, zone or compartment from an OIE listed disease. The Member Country may inform the OIE of its claimed status and the OIE may publish the claim. Publication does not imply endorsement of the claim. The OIE does not publish self declaration for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), foot and mouth disease (FMD), contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), African horse sickness (AHS), peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and classical swine fever (CSF).
Member Countries may request official recognition by the OIE as to:
the risk status of a country or zone with regard to BSE;
the freedom of a country or zone from FMD, with or without vaccination;
the freedom of a country or zone from CBPP;
the freedom of a country or zone from AHS;
the freedom of a country or zone from PPR;
the freedom of a country or zone from CSF.
The OIE does not grant official recognition for other diseases.
In these cases, Member Countries should present documentation setting out the compliance of the Veterinary Services of the applicant country or zone with the provisions of Chapters 1.1., 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and with the provisions of the relevant disease chapters in the Terrestrial Code and the Terrestrial Manual.
When requesting official recognition of disease status, the Member Country should submit to the OIE Scientific and Technical Department a dossier providing the information requested (as appropriate) in Articles 1.6.5. (for BSE), 1.6.6. (for FMD), 1.6.7. (for CBPP), 1.6.8. (for AHS), 1.6.9. (for PPR) or 1.6.10. (for CSF).
The OIE framework for the official recognition and maintenance of disease status is described in Resolution N° XV (administrative procedures) and Resolution N° XVI (financial obligations) adopted during the 83rd General Session in May 2015.
Endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for FMD
Member Countries may wish to request an endorsement by the OIE of their official control programme for FMD.
When requesting endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for FMD, the Member Country should submit to the OIE Scientific and Technical Department a dossier providing the information requested in Article 1.6.11.
Endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for PPR
Member Countries may wish to request an endorsement by the OIE of their official control programme for PPR.
When requesting endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for PPR, the Member Country should submit to the OIE Scientific and Technical Department a dossier providing the information requested in Article 1.6.12.
Endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for CBPP
Member Countries may wish to request an endorsement by the OIE of their official control programme for CBPP.
When requesting endorsement by the OIE of an official control programme for CBPP, the Member Country should submit to the OIE Scientific and Technical Department a dossier providing the information requested in Article 1.6.13.
Questionnaire on BSE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Acceptance of this submission is based on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the applicant country or zone with Chapter 3.1. of the Terrestrial Code and the compliance of BSE diagnostic laboratories with Chapter 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual. Documentary evidence should be provided to support this based on Chapter 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code.
Article 11.4.2. of the Terrestrial Code Chapter on BSE prescribes the criteria to determine the BSE risk status of the cattle population of a country or zone. This document is the means whereby a claim for negligible risk (Article 11.4.3.) or controlled risk (Article 11.4.4.) can be made to the OIE.
The document comprises the following:
Section 1 – Risk assessment (see Section 1 of Article 11.4.2.)
Section 2 – Other requirements of Sections 2 to 4 of Article 11.4.2.
Ongoing awareness programme
Compulsory notification and investigation
Diagnostic capability
Section 3 – Surveillance (Article 11.4.2. and Articles 11.4.20. to 11.4.22.)
Section 4 – BSE history of the country or zone (Articles 11.4.3. and 11.4.4.).
N.B. Where, during the completion of this questionnaire, the submitting Veterinary Service provides documentation regarding the legislation under which it is mandated, it should provide the content of any legal act described (in one of the three official languages of OIE), as well as the dates of official publication and implementation. Submitting countries are encouraged to follow the format and numbering used in this document.
SECTION 1: RISK ASSESSMENT (see point 1 of Article 11.4.2.)
Introduction
The first step in determining the BSE risk status of the cattle population of a country or zone is to conduct a risk assessment (reviewed annually), based on Sections 2 and 3 and Chapter 4.3. of the Terrestrial Code, identifying all potential factors for BSE occurrence and their historic perspective.
Documentation guidelines
This section provides guidance on the data gathering and presentation of information required to support the risk entry and exposure assessments in respect of:
Entry assessment:
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through importation of meat-and-bone meal or greaves.
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through the importation of potentially infected live cattle.
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through the importation of potentially infected products of bovine origin.
Exposure assessment:
The origin of bovine carcasses, by-products and slaughterhouse waste, the parameters of the rendering processes and the methods of cattle feed production.
The potential for the exposure of cattle to the BSE agent through consumption of meat-and-bone meal or greaves of bovine origin.
In each of the five areas of entry and exposure assessment that follow, the contributor is guided in terms of the question, the rationale and the evidence required to support the country or zone status claim.
Entry assessment
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through importation of meat-and-bone meal or greaves
Question to be answered: Has meat-and-bone meal, greaves, or feedstuffs containing either, been imported within the past eight years? If so, where from and in what quantities?
Rationale: Knowledge of the origin of meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing either meat-and-bone meal or greaves, is necessary to assess the risk of entry of BSE agent. Meat-and-bone meal and greaves originating in countries of high BSE risk pose a higher likelihood of entry than that from low risk countries. Meat-and-bone meal and greaves originating in countries of unknown BSE risk pose an unknown entry risk.
This point is irrelevant if the exposure assessment outlined below in Article 11.4.27. indicates that meat-and-bone meal or greaves has not been fed, either deliberately or accidentally, in the past eight years. Nevertheless, documentation should be provided on the control systems (including relevant legislation) in place to ensure that meat-and-bone meal or greaves has not been fed to cattle.
Evidence required:
Documentation to support claims that meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing either meat-and-bone meal or greaves have not been imported, OR
Documentation on annual volume, by country of origin, of meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing them imported during the past eight years.
Documentation describing the species composition of the imported meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing them.
Documentation, from the Veterinary Service of the country of production, supporting why the rendering processes used to produce meat-and-bone meal, greaves or feedstuffs containing them would have inactivated, or significantly reduced the titre of BSE agent, should it be present.
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through the importation of potentially infected live cattle
Question to be answered: Have live cattle been imported within the past seven years?
Rationale: The likelihood of entry is dependent on:
country or zone of origin and its BSE status, which will change as more data become available; this may result from the detection of clinical disease, or following active surveillance, or assessment of geographical BSE risk;
feeding and management of the imported cattle in the country or zone of origin;
use to which the commodity has been put as apart from representing risk of developing clinical disease, the slaughter, rendering and recycling in meat-and-bone meal of imported cattle represents a potential route of exposure of indigenous livestock even if meat-and-bone meal and greaves, or feedstuffs containing them, have not been imported;
dairy versus meat breeds, where there are differences in exposure in the country or zone of origin because feeding practices result in greater exposure of one category;
age at slaughter.
Evidence required:
Documentation including tables on the country or zone of origin of imports. This should identify the country or zone of origin of the cattle, the length of time they lived in that country or zone and of any other country in which they have resided during their lifetime.
Documentation including tables describing origin and volume of imports.
Documentation demonstrating that risks are periodically reviewed in light of evolving knowledge on the BSE status of the country or zone of origin.
The potential for the entry of the BSE agent through the importation of potentially infected products of bovine origin
Question to be answered: What products of bovine origin have been imported within the past seven years?
Rationale: The likelihood of entry is dependent on:
the origin of the cattle products and whether these products contain tissues known to contain BSE infectivity (Article 11.4.13.);
country or zone of origin and its BSE status, which will change as more data become available; this may result from the detection of clinical disease, or following active surveillance, or assessment of geographical BSE risk;
feeding and management of the cattle in the country or zone of origin;
use to which the commodity has been put as apart from representing risk of developing clinical disease, the slaughter, rendering and recycling in meat-and-bone meal of imported cattle represents a potential route of exposure of indigenous livestock even if meat-and-bone meal and greaves, or feedstuffs containing them, have not been imported;
dairy versus meat breeds, where there are differences in exposure in the country or zone of origin because feeding practices result in greater exposure of one category;
age at slaughter.
Evidence required:
Documentation on the country or zone of origin of imports. This should identify the country or zone of origin of cattle from which the products were derived, the length of time they lived in that country or zone and of any other country in which they have resided during their lifetime.
Documentation describing origin and volume of imports.
Documentation demonstrating that risks are periodically reviewed in light of evolving knowledge on the BSE status of the country or zone of origin.
Exposure assessment
The origin of bovine carcasses, by-products and slaughterhouse waste, the parameters of the rendering processes and the methods of cattle feed production
Question to be answered: How have bovine carcasses, by-products and slaughterhouse waste been processed over the past eight years?
Rationale: The overall risk of BSE in the cattle population of a country or zone is proportional to the level of known or potential exposure to BSE infectivity and the potential for recycling and amplification of the infectivity through livestock feeding practices. For the risk assessment to conclude that the cattle population of a country or zone is of negligible or controlled BSE risk, it must have demonstrated that appropriate measures have been taken to manage any risks identified. If potentially infected cattle or contaminated materials are rendered, there is a risk that the resulting meat-and-bone meal could retain BSE infectivity. Where meat-and-bone meal is utilised in the production of any cattle feed, the risk of cross-contamination exists.
Evidence required:
Documentation describing the collection and disposal of fallen stock and materials condemned as unfit for human consumption.
Documentation including tables describing the fate of imported cattle, including their age at slaughter or death.
Documentation describing the definition and disposal of specified risk material, if any.
Documentation describing the rendering process and parameters used to produce meat-and-bone meal and greaves.
Documentation describing methods of animal
feed production, including details of ingredients used, the extent of
use of meat-and-bone meal in
any livestock feed, and measures that prevent cross-contamination
of cattle feed with ingredients used in monogastric feed.
Documentation describing the end use of imported cattle products and the disposal of waste.
Documentation describing monitoring and enforcement of the above.
The potential for the exposure of cattle to the BSE agent through consumption of meat-and-bone meal or greaves of bovine origin
Question to be answered: Has meat-and-bone meal or greaves of bovine origin been fed to cattle within the past eight years (Articles 11.4.3. and 11.4.4. in the Terrestrial Code)?
Rationale: If cattle have not been fed products of bovine origin (other than milk or blood) potentially containing meat-and-bone meal or greaves of bovine origin within the past eight years, meat-and-bone meal and greaves can be dismissed as a risk.
In the case of countries applying for negligible risk status, it will be required to demonstrate that the ruminant feed ban has been effective for at least eight years following the birth of the youngest case.
Evidence required:
Documentation describing the use of imported meat-and-bone meal and greaves, including the feeding of any animal species.
Documentation describing the use made of meat-and-bone meal and greaves produced from domestic cattle, including the feeding of any animal species.
Documentation on the measures taken to control cross-contamination of cattle feedstuffs with the meat-and-bone meal and greaves including the risk of cross-contamination during production, transport, storage and feeding.
Documentation, in the form of the following table, on the audit findings in rendering plants and feed mills processing ruminant material or mixed species containing ruminant material, related to the prohibition of the feeding to ruminants of meat-and-bone meal and greaves.
| Year (information should be provided for each of the 8 years for effective- ness is claimed) | Type of plant (renderer or feed mill) | Number of plants processing ruminant material | Number of plants in (A) inspected | Total number of visual inspections in (B) | Total number of plants in (B) with infractions | Total number of inspected plants in (B) with sampling | Total number of plants in (C) with positive test results |
| (A) | (B) | (C) | |||||
| Year 1 | Renderer | ||||||
| Feed mill | |||||||
| Year 2, etc. | Renderer | ||||||
| Feed mill |
Documentation, in the form of the following table, on the audit findings in rendering plants and feed mills processing non-ruminant material, related to the prohibition of the feeding of meat-and-bone meal and greaves to ruminants.
| Year (information should be provided for each of the 8 years for effective ness is claimed) | Type of plant (renderer or feed mill) | Number of plants processing non- ruminant material | Number of plants in (A) inspected | Total number of visual inspections in (B) | Total number of plants in (B) with infractions | Total number of inspected plants in (B) with sampling | Total number of plants in (C) with positive test results |
| (A) | (B) | (C) | |||||
| Year 1 | Renderer | ||||||
| Feed mill | |||||||
| Year 2, etc. | Renderer | ||||||
| Feed mill |
Documentation, in the form of the following table, on each plant above processing ruminant material or mixed species containing ruminant material with infractions, specifying the type of infraction and the method of resolution.
| Year (information should be provided for each of the 8 years for effectiveness is claimed) | Type of plant (renderer or feed mill) | Plant ID | Nature of infraction | Method of resolution | Follow-up results |
| Year 1 | Renderer | ID 1 | |||
| ID 2 | |||||
| ID 3, etc. | |||||
| Feed mill | ID 1 | ||||
| ID 2 | |||||
| ID 3, etc. | |||||
| Year 2, etc. | Renderer | ||||
| Feed mill |
Documentation, in the form of the following table, on each plant above processing non-ruminant material with infractions, specifying the type of infraction and the method of resolution.
| Year (information should be provided for each of the 8 years for effectiveness is claimed) | Type of plant (renderer or feed mill) | Plant ID | Nature of infraction | Method of resolution | Follow-up results |
| Year 1 | Renderer | ID 1 | |||
| ID 2 | |||||
| ID 3, etc. | |||||
| Feed mill | ID 1 | ||||
| ID 2 | |||||
| ID 3, etc. | |||||
| Year 2, etc. | Renderer | ||||
| Feed mill |
Documentation explaining why, in light of the findings displayed in the preceding four tables, it is considered that there has been no significant exposure of cattle to the BSE agent through consumption of meat-and-bone meal or greaves of bovine origin.
Documentation of husbandry practices (multiple species farms) which could lend themselves to cross-contamination of cattle feed with meat-and-bone meal and greaves destined to other species.
SECTION 2: OTHER REQUIREMENTS (see points 2 to 4 of Article 11.4.2.)
Awareness programme (see point 2 of Article 11.4.2.)
Questions to be answered:
Is there an awareness programme?
What is the target audience?
What is the curriculum and how long has it been in place?
Is there a contingency and/or preparedness plan that deals with BSE?
Rationale:
An awareness programme is essential to ensure detection and reporting of BSE, especially in countries of low prevalence and competing differential diagnoses.
Evidence required:
Documentation indicating when the awareness programme was instituted and its continuous application and geographical coverage.
Documentation on the number and occupation of persons who have participated in the awareness programme (veterinarians, producers, workers at auctions, slaughterhouses, etc.).
Documentation of materials used in the awareness programme (the manual, supportive documents, or other teaching materials).
Documentation on the contingency plan.
Compulsory notification and investigation (see point 3 of Article 11.4.2.)
Questions to be answered:
What guidance is given to veterinarians, producers, workers at auctions, slaughterhouses, etc. in terms of the criteria that would initiate the investigation of an animal as a BSE suspect? Have these criteria evolved?
What were the date and content of the legal act making notification of BSE suspects compulsory?
What are the measures in place to stimulate notification, such as compensation payments or penalties for not notifying a suspect?
Rationale:
The socio-economic implications associated with BSE require that there be incentives and/or obligations to notify and investigate suspect cases.
Evidence required:
Documentation on the date of official publication and implementation of compulsory notification. Including a brief description of incentives and penalties.
Documentation on the manual of procedures for investigation of suspect animals and follow-up of positive findings.
Examination in an approved laboratory of brain or other tissues collected within the framework of the aforementioned surveillance system (see point 4 of Article 11.4.2.)
Questions to be answered:
Are the diagnostic procedures and methods those described in Chapter 2.4.6. of the Terrestrial Manual?
Have these diagnostic procedures and methods been applied through the entire surveillance period?
Rationale:
The OIE only recognizes for the purpose of this submission samples that have been tested in accordance with the Terrestrial Manual.
Evidence required:
Documentation as to the approved laboratories where samples of cattle tissues from the country or zone are examined for BSE. (If this is located outside the country, information should be provided on the cooperation agreement).
Documentation of the diagnostic procedures and methods used.
Documentation that the diagnostic procedures and methods have been applied through the entire surveillance period.
SECTION 3: BSE SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING SYSTEMS (see point 4 of Article 11.4.2.)
Questions to be answered:
Does the BSE surveillance programme comply with the guidelines in Articles 11.4.20. to 11.4.22. of the Terrestrial Code?
What were the results of the investigations?
Rationale:
Point 4 of Article 11.4.2. and Articles 11.4.20. to 11.4.22. prescribe the number of cattle, by subpopulation, that need to be tested in order to ensure the detection of BSE at or above a minimal threshold prevalence.
Evidence required:
Documentation that the samples collected are representative of the distribution of cattle population in the country or zone.
Documentation of the methods applied to assess the ages of animals sampled and the proportions for each method (individual identification, dentition, other methods to be specified).
Documentation of the means and procedures whereby samples were assigned to the cattle subpopulations described in Article 11.4.21., including the specific provisions applied to ensure that animals described as clinical met the conditions of point 1 of Article 11.4.21.
Documentation of the number of animals meeting the conditions in point 1 of Article 11.4.21. as compared to the numbers of clinical samples submitted in previous years in accordance to the former provisions in the Terrestrial Code, and explanation of possible differences.
Documentation, based on the following table, of all clinically suspect cases notified complying with the definition in point 1 of Article 11.4.21.
| Laboratory identification number | Age | Clinical signs | Point
of detection (farm, market channels, slaughterhouse) |
Documentation in accordance with the following table, that the number of target points applicable to the country or zone and its BSE surveillance requirements (Type A or type B surveillance as a result of the risk assessment of section 1) are met as described in Articles 11.4.21. and 11.4.22.
| SUMMARY TABLE FOR BSE SURVEILLANCE | ||||||||
| Year: (complete a separate table for each year of surveillance) | ||||||||
| Surveillance subpopulations | ||||||||
| Routine slaughter | Fallen stock | Casualty slaughter | Clinical suspect | |||||
| Samples | Points | Samples | Points | Samples | Points | Samples | Points | |
| >1 and <2 years | ||||||||
| >2 and <4 years | ||||||||
| >4 and <7 years | ||||||||
| >7 and <9 years | ||||||||
| >9 years | ||||||||
| Subtotals | ||||||||
| Total points | ||||||||
Indicate the number of adult cattle (over 24 months of age) in the country or zone.
SECTION 4: BSE HISTORY OF THE COUNTRY OR ZONE (see Articles 11.4.3. and 11.4.4.)
Questions to be answered:
Has BSE occurred in the country or zone?
How has it been dealt with?
Rationale:
The categorization of a country or zone in either negligible or controlled risk is dependent upon, the outcome of the risk assessment described in Section 1, compliance with the provisions described in Section 2, the results of surveillance described in Section 3, and the history of BSE in the country or zone. This section provides the opportunity to describe the BSE history in the country or zone.
Evidence required:
Documentation of whether a case of BSE has ever been diagnosed in the country or zone.
In the case of positive BSE findings:
Documentation on the origin of each BSE case in respect to the country or zone. Indicate the birth date and place of birth.
Indicate the most recent year of birth in relation to all BSE cases.
Documentation that:
the case(s) and all the progeny of female cases, born within two years prior to or after clinical onset of the disease, and
all cattle which, during their first year of life, were reared with the BSE cases during their first year of life, and which investigation showed consumed the same potentially contaminated feed during that period, or
if the results of the investigation are inconclusive, all cattle born in the same herd as, and within 12 months of the birth of, the BSE cases,
if alive in the country or zone, are permanently identified, and their movements controlled, and, when slaughtered or at death, are completely destroyed.
Questionnaires on FMD
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FMD FREE COUNTRY WHERE VACCINATION IS NOT PRACTISED Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 8.8. of the Terrestrial Code, as a FMD free country not practising vaccination |
Address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to FMD dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. Provide a map identifying the factors above.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to FMD.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with the provisions of Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. in the Terrestrial Code and Article 1.1.3. in the Terrestrial Code and describe how Veterinary Services supervise, control and maintain all FMD related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in FMD surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on FMD).
Role of private veterinary profession in FMD surveillance and control.
FMD eradication
History. Provide a description of the FMD history in the country, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case), and types and subtypes present.
Strategy. Describe how FMD was controlled and eradicated (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning).
Vaccines and vaccination. Was FMD vaccine ever used? If so, when was the last vaccination carried out? When was vaccination formally prohibited? What species were vaccinated? What was the fate of these animals?
In addition, if vaccination was conducted during the past two years, provide a description and justification of the vaccination strategy, including the selection of vaccine strain, potency and type, purity, details of any vaccine matching performed, the animal species vaccinated, identification of vaccinated animals, the way in which the vaccination of animals was certified or reported and the records maintained. Also provide evidence that the vaccine used complies with Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual.
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the FMD eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe the action taken when an illegal movement is detected. Provide information on illegal movements detected.
FMD diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that the provisions in Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.1.5. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is FMD laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the FMD approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of performance in inter-laboratory proficiency tests.
Provide details on the handling of live virus.
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken and their performance for their applied use (specificity and sensitivity).
Laboratory capacity in processing tests and samples.
FMD surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for FMD in the country complies with the provisions of Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. in the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of FMD? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis).
Serological surveillance. Have serological surveys been conducted to demonstrate freedom from infection? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design (target population, design prevalence, confidence level, sample size, stratification, sampling methods and diagnostic tests used). How frequently are they conducted? Are wildlife susceptible species included in serological surveys? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance based on the risk and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems? How many herds, flocks, etc. of each susceptible species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What susceptible species are present in the country? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution. What are the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and wildlife susceptible species?
Slaughterhouses and markets or events associated with the congregation of FMD susceptible livestock (e.g. fairs, shows, competitions). Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
FMD prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries or zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries.
Are there controls in place for the feeding of swill containing animal products to pigs? If so, provide information on the extent of the practice, and describe controls and surveillance measures.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals or their products? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals and their products for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and quantity.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste from international traffic, who is responsible and provide a summary, for the past two years, of the quantity disposed of and the disposal locations.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products (i.e. biologics),
other materials at risk of being contaminated with FMDV.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on illegal imports detected.
Describe and justify the corrective actions that have been implemented to prevent future FMD outbreaks in response to any past disease incursions.
Contingency planning and outbreak response programmes
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases (e.g. livestock standstills)?
In the event of a FMD outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures to be used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions to be taken to report and control the disease situation in and around any establishments found to be infected with FMD;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or vaccination, methods of disposal of carcasses and other contaminated products and materials, decontamination, etc.) that would be taken. Include information on access to antigen and vaccine banks;
describe the procedures to be used to confirm successful control or eradication, including any restocking provisions, sentinel animal and serological surveillance programmes;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 8.8.2. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating:
there has been no outbreak of FMD during the past 12 months;
no evidence of FMDV infection has been found during the past 12 months;
no vaccination against FMD has been carried out during the past 12 months,
and should confirm that since the cessation of vaccination no animals vaccinated against FMD have been imported.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with the provisions of Articles 8.8.7., and points 1, 3 and 4 of Article 8.8.2. of the Terrestrial Code and provide information as specified in sections 1 - 7 (inclusive) of this questionnaire. Particular emphasis should be given to FMD eradication (section 3), FMD diagnosis (section 4), FMD serological surveillance (section 5 b)), FMD prevention (section 6) and contingency planning and outbreak response programmes (section 7).
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FMD FREE COUNTRY WHERE VACCINATION IS PRACTISED Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 8.8. of the Terrestrial Code, as a FMD free country practising vaccination |
Address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to FMD dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. Provide a map identifying the factors above.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to FMD.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with the provisions of Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. in the Terrestrial Code and Article 1.1.3. in the Terrestrial Code and describe how Veterinary Services supervise, control and maintain all FMD related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in FMD surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on FMD).
Role of private veterinary profession in FMD surveillance and control.
FMD eradication
History. Provide a description of the FMD history in the country, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case), and types and subtypes present.
Strategy. Describe how FMD was controlled and eradicated (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning).
Vaccines and vaccination. Provide a description and justification of the vaccination strategy, including the selection of vaccine strain, potency and type, purity, details of any vaccine matching performed, the animal species vaccinated, identification of vaccinated animals, the way in which the vaccination of animals was certified or reported and the records maintained, the date on which the last vaccination was performed, and the disposition of vaccinated animals (e.g. removed from or retained in the population). Provide evidence to show its effectiveness (e.g. vaccination coverage, serological surveillance, etc.). Also provide evidence that the vaccine used complies with Chapter 2.1.5. of the Terrestrial Manual.
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the FMD eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability, including vaccination data. How are animal movements controlled in the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe the action taken when an illegal movement is detected. Provide information on illegal movements detected.
FMD diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that the provisions in Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is FMD laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to and the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the FMD approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of performance in inter-laboratory proficiency tests.
Provide details on the handling of live virus.
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken and their performance for their applied use (specificity and sensitivity).
Laboratory capacity in processing tests and samples.
FMD surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for FMD in the country complies with the provisions of Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.1.5. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of FMD? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis).
Surveillance. Are serological and virological surveys conducted to demonstrate freedom from infection, in particular applying the provisions of Article 8.8.42.? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design (target population, design prevalence, confidence level, sample size, stratification, sampling methods and diagnostic tests used). How frequently are they conducted? Are susceptible wildlife species included in serological surveys? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for FMD and FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance based on the risk and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems? How many herds, flocks, etc. of each susceptible species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What susceptible species are present in the country? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution. What are the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and wildlife susceptible species?
Slaughterhouses, markets and events associated with the congregation of FMD susceptible livestock (e.g. fairs, shows, competitions). Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
FMD prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries or zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries.
Are there controls in place for the feeding of swill containing animal products to pigs? If so, provide information on the extent of the practice, and describe controls and surveillance measures.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals or their products? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals and their products for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and quantity.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste from international traffic, who is responsible and provide a summary, for the past two years, of the quantity disposed of and the disposal locations.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products (i.e. biologics),
other materials at risk of being contaminated with FMDV.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Describe and justify the corrective actions that have been implemented to prevent future FMD outbreaks in response to any past disease incursions.
Contingency planning and outbreak response programmes
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases (e.g. livestock standstills)?
In the event of a FMD outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures to be used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions to be taken to report and control the disease situation in and around any establishments found to be infected with FMD;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or vaccination, methods of disposal of carcasses and other contaminated products or materials, decontamination, etc.) that would be taken. Include information on access to antigen and vaccine banks;
describe the procedures to be used to confirm successful control or eradication, including any restocking provisions, sentinel animal and serosurveillance programmes;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 8.8.3. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating that there has been no outbreak of FMD for the past two years and no evidence of FMDV transmission for the past 12 months, with documented evidence that:
surveillance for FMD and FMDV transmission in accordance with Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. and is in operation, and that regulatory measures for the prevention and control of FMD have been implemented;
routine vaccination is carried out for the purpose of the prevention of FMD;
the vaccine used complies with the standards described in the Terrestrial Manual.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with the provisions of Articles 8.8.7. and of points 1, 3 and 4 of Article 8.8.3. in the Terrestrial Code and provide information as specified in sections 1 - 7 (inclusive) of this questionnaire. Particular emphasis should be given to FMD eradication (section 3), FMD diagnosis (section 4), FMD serological surveillance (section 5 b)), FMD prevention (section 6) and contingency planning and outbreak response programmes (section 7).
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FMD FREE ZONE WHERE VACCINATION IS NOT PRACTISED Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 8.8. of the Terrestrial Code, as a FMD free zone not practising vaccination |
Address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country and the zone including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to FMD dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. The boundaries of the zone must be clearly defined, including a protection zone if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and the zone.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to FMD.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with the provisions of Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. in the Terrestrial Code and Article 1.1.3. in the Terrestrial Code and describe how Veterinary Services supervise, control and maintain all FMD related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in FMD surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on FMD).
Role of private veterinary profession in
FMD surveillance and
control.
FMD eradication
History. Provide a description of the FMD history in the country and zone, provide date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication in the zone (date of last case), and types and subtypes present.
Strategy. Describe how FMD was controlled
and eradicated in the zone (e.g. stamping-out policy,
modified stamping-out policy).
Vaccines and vaccination
Was vaccination ever used in the zone? If so, when was the last vaccination carried out? When was vaccination formally prohibited? What species were vaccinated? What was the fate of those animals?
In addition, if vaccination was conducted during the past two years, provide a description and justification of the vaccination strategy, including the selection of vaccine strain, potency and type, purity, details of any vaccine matching performed, the animal species vaccinated, identification of vaccinated animals, the way in which the vaccination of animals was certified or reported and the records maintained. Also provide evidence that the vaccine used complies with Chapter 2.1.5. of the Terrestrial Manual.
If vaccination continues to be used in the rest of the country, give details on the post-vaccination monitoring programme.
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the FMD eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in and between zones of the same or different status, in particular if the provisions of the Terrestrial Code in Article 8.8.10. are applied? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe the action taken when an illegal movement is detected. Provide information on detected illegal movements.
FMD diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that the provisions in Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is FMD laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to. Indicate the laboratory(ies) where samples originating from the zone are diagnosed, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the FMD approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of performance in inter-laboratory proficiency tests.
Provide details on the handling of live virus.
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken and their performance for their applied use (specificity and sensitivity).
Laboratory capacity in processing tests and samples.
FMD surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for FMD in the country complies with the provisions of Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. in the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of FMD? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis).
Serological surveillance. Have serological surveys been conducted to demonstrate freedom from infection? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design (target population, design prevalence, confidence level, sample size, stratification, sampling methods and diagnostic tests used). How frequently are they conducted? Are wildlife susceptible species included in serological surveys? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance based on the risk and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems in the country and the zone? How many herds, flocks, etc. of each susceptible species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What susceptible species are present in the country and the zone? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution. What are the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and wildlife susceptible species?
Slaughterhouses, markets and events associated with the congregation of FMD susceptible livestock (e.g. fairs, shows, competitions). Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
FMD prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones.
If the FMD free zone without vaccination is situated in a FMD infected country or borders an infected country or zone, describe the biosecurity measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers.
Are there controls in place for the feeding of swill containing animal products to pigs? If so, provide information on the extent of the practice, and describe controls and surveillance measures.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals or their products into a free zone? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals and their products for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and quantity.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste from international traffic, who is responsible and provide a summary, for the past two years, of the quantity disposed of and the disposal locations.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products (i.e. biologics),
other materials at risk of being contaminated with FMDV.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on illegal imports detected.
Describe and justify the corrective actions that have been implemented to prevent future FMD outbreaks in response to any past disease incursions.
Contingency planning and outbreak response programmes
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases (e.g. livestock standstills)?
In the event of a FMD outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures to be used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions to be taken to report and control the disease situation in and around any establishments found to be infected with FMD;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or vaccination, methods of disposal of carcasses and other contaminated products or materials, decontamination, etc.) that would be taken. Include information on access to antigen and vaccine banks;
describe the procedures to be used to confirm successful control or eradication, including any restocking provisions, sentinel animal and serosurveillance programmes;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 8.8.4. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating:
there has been no outbreak of FMD during the past 12 months;
no evidence of FMDV infection has been found during the past 12 months;
no vaccination against FMD has been carried out during the past 12 months;
no vaccinated animal has been introduced into the zone since the cessation of vaccination, except in accordance with Article 8.8.10.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with the provisions of Articles 8.8.7. and of points 1, 3 and 4 of Article 8.8.2. in the Terrestrial Code and provide information as specified in sections 1 - 7 (inclusive) of this questionnaire. Particular emphasis should be given to FMD eradication (section 3.), FMD diagnosis (section 4.), FMD serological surveillance (section 5.b.), FMD prevention (section 6.) and contingency planning and outbreak response programmes (section 7.).
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FMD FREE ZONE WHERE VACCINATION IS PRACTISED Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 8.8. of the Terrestrial Code, as a FMD free zone practising vaccination |
Address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country and the zone including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to FMD dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. The boundaries of the zone must be clearly defined, including a protection zone if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and the zone.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to FMD.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with the provisions of Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. in the Terrestrial Code and Article 1.1.3. in the Terrestrial Code and describe how Veterinary Services supervise, control and maintain all FMD related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in FMD surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on FMD).
Role of private veterinary profession in FMD surveillance and control.
FMD eradication
History. Provide a description of the FMD history in the country and zone, provide date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication in the zone (date of last case), and types and subtypes present.
Strategy. Describe how FMD was controlled and eradicated in the zone (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy).
Vaccines and vaccination. Provide a description and justification of the vaccination strategy, including the selection of vaccine strain, potency and type, purity, details of any vaccine matching performed, the animal species vaccinated, identification of vaccinated animals, the way in which the vaccination of animals was certified or reported and the records maintained, the date on which the last vaccination was performed, and the disposition of vaccinated animals (e.g. removed from or retained in the population). Provide evidence to show its effectiveness (e.g. vaccination coverage, serosurveillance, etc.). Also provide evidence that the vaccine used complies with Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual.
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the FMD eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability, including vaccination data. How are animal movements controlled in and between zones of the same or different status, in particular if the provisions of the Terrestrial Code in Article 8.8.10. are applied? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe the action taken when an illegal movement is detected. Provide information on detected illegal movements.
FMD diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that the provisions of Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is FMD laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results. Indicate the laboratory(ies) where samples originating from the zone are diagnosed.
Provide an overview of the FMD approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points.
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of performance in inter-laboratory proficiency tests.
Provide details on the handling of live virus.
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken and their performance for their applied use (specificity and sensitivity).
Laboratory capacity in processing tests and samples.
FMD surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for FMD in the country complies with the provisions of Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. in the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of FMD? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis).
Surveillance. Are serological and virological surveys conducted to demonstrate freedom from infection, in particular applying the provisions of Article 8.8.42.? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design (target population, design prevalence, confidence level, sample size, stratification, sampling methods and diagnostic tests used). How frequently are they conducted? Are wildlife susceptible species included in serological surveys? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for FMD and FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance based on the risk and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems in the country and the zone? How many herds, flocks, etc. of each susceptible species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What susceptible species are present in the country and in the zone? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution. What are the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and wildlife susceptible species?
Slaughterhouses, markets and events associated with the congregation of FMD susceptible livestock (e.g. fairs, shows, competitions). Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
FMD prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones.
If the FMD free zone with vaccination is situated in a FMD infected country or borders an infected country or zone, describe the biosecurity measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers.
Are there controls in place for the feeding of swill containing animal products to pigs? If so, provide information on the extent of the practice, and describe controls and surveillance measures.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals or their products into a free zone? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals and their products for the past two years, specifying the country or zone of origin, the species and quantity.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste from international traffic, who is responsible and provide a summary, for the past two years, of the quantity disposed of and the disposal locations.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products (i.e. biologics),
other materials at risk of being contaminated with FMDV.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on illegal imports detected.
Describe and justify the corrective actions that have been implemented to prevent future FMD outbreaks in response to any past disease incursions.
Contingency planning and outbreak response programmes
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases (e.g. livestock standstills)?
In the event of a FMD outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures to be used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions to be taken to report and control the disease situation in and around any establishments found to be infected with FMD;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or vaccination, methods of disposal of carcasses and other contaminated products or materials, decontamination, etc.) that would be taken. Include information on access to antigen and vaccine banks;
describe the procedures to be used to confirm successful control or eradication, including any restocking provisions, sentinel animal and serosurveillance programmes;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 8.8.5. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating that:
there has been no outbreak of FMD for the past two years,
no evidence of FMDV transmission for the past 12 months,
surveillance for FMD and FMDV transmission in accordance with Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. is in operation.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with the provisions of Articles 8.8.7., and points 1, 3 and 4 of Article 8.8.3. in the Terrestrial Code and provide information as specified in sections 1 - 7 (inclusive) of this questionnaire. Particular emphasis should be given to FMD eradication (section 3.), FMD diagnosis (section 4.), FMD serological surveillance (section 5.b.), FMD prevention (section 6.) and contingency planning and outbreak response programmes (section 7.).
Questionnaires on CBPP
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CBPP FREE COUNTRY Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 11.7. of the Terrestrial Code, as a CBPP infection free country |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to CBPP dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. Provide a map identifying the factors above.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to CBPP.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all CBPP related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in CBPP surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on CBPP).
Role of private veterinary profession in CBPP surveillance and control.
CBPP eradication
History. Provide a description of the CBPP history in the country, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case).
Strategy. Describe how CBPP was controlled and eradicated (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. Was CBPP vaccine ever used? If so, when was the last vaccination carried out?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the CBPP eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement.
CBPP diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is CBPP laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the CBPP approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken including procedures to isolate and identify M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC as opposed to M. mycoides subsp. mycoides LC.
CBPP surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for CBPP in the country complies with Articles 11.7.13. to 11.7.17. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical surveillance. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of CBPP? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspect cases, the number of samples tested for CBPP agent, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis).
Slaughterhouses, slaughter slabs, abattoirs. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of CBPP lesion? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom)? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspect cases, the number of samples tested for CBPP agent, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis).
Provide details on training programmes for personnel involved in clinical and slaughter facilities surveillance, and the approaches used to increase community involvement in CBPP surveillance programmes.
For countries where a significant proportion of animals are not slaughtered in controlled abattoirs, what are the alternative surveillance measures applied to detect CBPP (e.g. active clinical surveillance programmes, laboratory follow-up).
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems? How many herds of each susceptible species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Slaughterhouses and markets. Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
Provide a description of the means employed during the two years preceding this application to rule out the presence of any MmmSC strain in the susceptible population. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
CBPP prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country and/or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
semen, embryos and oocytes,
veterinary medicinal products, i.e. biologics.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of CBPP.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases?
In the event of a CBPP outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with CBPP;
indicate the control and/or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter/vaccination, etc.) that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 11.7.3. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating:
no clinical CBPP has been detected for at least two years;
no CBPP vaccines have been used for at least two years in any susceptible species;
the country operates both clinical surveillance and disease reporting systems for CBPP adequate to detect clinical disease if it were present;
all clinical and pathological evidence suggestive of CBPP is investigated by field and laboratory methods (including serological assessment) to refute a possible diagnosis of CBPP;
there are effective measures in force to prevent the re-introduction of the disease.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 11.7.4. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in Sections 3.a), 3.b), 3.c), 5.b), 5.c) and 5.d) of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
|
CBPP FREE ZONE Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 11.7. of the Terrestrial Code, as a CBPP infection free zone |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to CBPP dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. Provide a map identifying the factors above. The boundaries of the zone must be clearly defined. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to CBPP.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all CBPP related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in CBPP surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on CBPP).
Role of private veterinary profession in CBPP surveillance and control.
CBPP eradication
History. Provide a description of the CBPP history in the country, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case).
Strategy. Describe how CBPP was controlled and eradicated in the zone (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning) and provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. Was CBPP vaccine ever used? In the entire country? If vaccination was used, when was the last vaccination carried out? Where in the country?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the CBPP eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in the zone? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement.
CBPP diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is CBPP laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the CBPP approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken including procedures to isolate and identify M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC as opposed to M. mycoides subsp. mycoides LC.
CBPP surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for CBPP in the country complies with Articles 11.7.13. to 11.7.17. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical surveillance. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of CBPP? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspect cases, the number of samples tested for CBPP agent, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis).
Slaughterhouses, slaughter slabs, abattoirs. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of CBPP lesion? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom)? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspect cases, the number of samples tested for CBPP agent, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis).
Provide details on training programmes for personnel involved in clinical and slaughter facilities surveillance, and the approaches used to increase community involvement in CBPP surveillance programmes.
For countries where a significant proportion of animals in the zone are not slaughtered in controlled abattoirs, what are the alternative surveillance measures applied to detect CBPP (e.g. active clinical surveillance programme, laboratory follow-up).
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems? How many herds of each susceptible species are in the zone? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Slaughterhouses and markets. Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country and the zone? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
Provide a description of the means employed during the two years preceding this application to rule out the presence of any MmmSC strain in the susceptible population of the zone. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
CBPP prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries and zones. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or animals)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones. If the CBPP free zone is situated in a CBPP infected country or borders an infected country or zone, describe the animal health measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of susceptible animals? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported animals of susceptible species required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the zone and/or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
semen, embryos and oocytes,
veterinary medicinal products,
i.e. biologics.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of CBPP.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspicious cases?
In the event of a CBPP outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with CBPP;
indicate the control and/or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter/vaccination, etc.) that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 11.7.3. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating that in the zone:
no clinical CBPP has been detected for at least two years;
no CBPP vaccines have been used for at least two years in any susceptible species;
the country operates both clinical surveillance and disease reporting systems for CBPP adequate to detect clinical disease if it were present in the zone;
all clinical and pathological evidence suggestive of CBPP is investigated by field and laboratory methods (including serological assessment) to refute a possible diagnosis of CBPP;
there are effective measures in force to prevent the re-introduction of the disease.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 11.7.4. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in Sections 3.a), 3.b), 3.c), 5.b), 5.c) and 5.d) of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
Questionnaires on AHS
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AHS FREE COUNTRY Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 12.1. of the Terrestrial Code, as an AHS free country |
Please address concisely the following topics. National legislation, regulations and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to AHS introduction. Provide a map identifying the factors above.
Equine sectors. Provide a general description of the equine sectors and their relative economic importance in the country. Outline any recent significant changes observed within the sector grouping(s) (if relevant documents are available, please attach).
Sport and race horses.
Breeding stock equids.
Working and production equids (including horses for slaughter).
Leisure equids.
Captive wild, wild and feral equids.
Description of equine population
Demographics of domestic equids. What is the equine population by species within the various sectors? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, holding and individual animal registration systems if in place. How are they distributed (e.g. density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What captive wild, wild or feral equids are present in the country? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to AHS.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Services of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how Veterinary Services supervise and control all AHS related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, keepers, industry, regulatory bodies, and other relevant groups in AHS surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on AHS).
Role of private veterinary profession in AHS surveillance and control.
Provide information on any OIE PVS evaluation of the country and follow-up steps within the PVS Pathway.
AHS eradication
History. Provide a description of the AHS history in the country if applicable, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case), and serotypes present.
Strategy. Describe how AHS was controlled and eradicated (e.g. isolation of cases, stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. What type of vaccine was used? What equine species were vaccinated? Were vaccinated animals marked or was vaccination recorded in a unique identification document?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the AHS eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines were used and give a brief summary.
Animal identification. Are equids identified (individually or at a group level)?
Movements of equids. How are movements of equids controlled in the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of identification and movement controls of equids. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related movements.
Leisure and competition movements of equids. How are movements of competition and leisure equids controlled in the country? Please provide information on systems including any use of registration. Provide information on any events that include international movements of equids.
Describe the market systems for equids, in particular, if markets require the international movement of equids.
AHS diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3., and 2.5.1. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is AHS laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the AHS approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Details on the types of tests undertaken.
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Describe biosecurity measures applied, particularly in the case where live virus is handled.
AHS surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for AHS in the country complies with Articles 12.1.11. to 12.1.13. of the Terrestrial Code, and Chapter 2.5.1. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are
the criteria for raising a suspicion of AHS? What is the procedure
to notify (by whom and to whom), is there a compensation system
in place and what penalties are involved for failure to report?
Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the
number of suspect cases, the number of
samples tested for AHS, species, type of sample, testing method(s)
and results (including differential diagnosis).
Surveillance. Are the following undertaken?
Serological surveillance.
Virological surveillance.
Sentinel animals.
If so, provide detailed information on the survey designs. How frequently are they conducted? Which were the equine species included? Are wildlife species included? Provide a summary table indicating detailed results, for at least the past two years. Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of equids examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods selected and applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system.
AHS prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries or zones that have been taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to infected equids)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries.
If the AHS free country borders an infected country or zone, describe the animal health measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent or vectors, taking into consideration the seasonal vector conditions and existing physical, geographical and ecological barriers.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of equids or their products? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such equids and products, and subsequent internal movement?
What import conditions (e.g. quarantine) and
test procedures are required? Are import permits and health certificates
required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics
of imports, temporary admissions or re-entry of equids and their
products for at least the past two years, specifying country or zone of
origin and volume.
Provide a map with the number
and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the service responsible
for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent
body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure,
staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the Competent Authority.
Describe the communication systems between the Competent Authority and
the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type
and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or
their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of
the following:
equids,
genetic material (semen, ova and embryos of the equine species),
equine derived products and biologicals.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal introduction is detected. Provide information on detected illegal introduction.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written
guidelines, contingency plans (including information on vaccine
banks) available to the Veterinary Services for
dealing with suspected or confirmed cases of AHS.
In the event of a suspected or confirmed AHS outbreak:
is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis?
are movement restrictions applied on suspicion?
describe the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with AHS;
describe the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, modified stamping-out policy);
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including conditions for restocking;
give details of any compensation made available when equids are killed, for disease control or eradication purposes.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 12.1.2. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration stating:
the section under paragraph 1 (of Article 12.1.2.) on the base of which the application is made;
there has been no outbreak of AHS during the past 24 months;
no routine vaccination against AHS has been carried out during the past 12 months;
and that vaccinated equids were imported in accordance with Chapter 12.1.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 12.1.5. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in sections 4 a), 4 b), 4 c) and 6, and highlight any measures introduced to prevent a recurrence of the infection under section 7 of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
|
AHS FREE ZONE Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 12.1. of the Terrestrial Code, as an AHS free zone |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country and the zone including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to AHS introduction. Provide a map identifying the factors above. The boundaries of the zone must be clearly defined, including a protection zone, if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone (and of the protection zone) established in accordance with Chapter 4.3.
Equine sectors. Provide a general description of the equine sectors and their relative economic importance in the country and the zone. Outline any recent significant changes observed within the sector grouping(s) (if relevant documents are available, please attach).
Sport and race horses.
Breeding stock equids.
Working and production equids (including horses for slaughter).
Leisure equids.
Captive wild, wild and feral equids.
Description of equine population
Demographics of domestic equids. What is the equine population by species within the various sectors in the country and the zone? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, holding and individual animal registration systems in the country and the zone if in place. How are they distributed (e.g. density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What captive wild, wild and feral equids are present in the country and the zone? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to AHS.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Services of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how Veterinary Services supervise and control all AHS related activities in the country and in the zone. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, keepers, industry, regulatory bodies, and other relevant groups in AHS surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on AHS).
Role of private veterinary profession in AHS surveillance and control.
AHS eradication
History. Provide a description of the AHS history in the country and zone, if applicable, date of first detection, origin of infection, date of eradication in the zone (date of last case), and serotypes present.
Strategy. Describe how AHS was controlled and eradicated in the zone (e.g. isolation of cases, stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. What type of vaccine was used in the zone and the rest of the country? What equine species were vaccinated? Were vaccinated animals marked or was vaccination recorded in a unique identification document?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the AHS eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines were used and give a brief summary.
Animal identification. Are equids identified (individually or at a group level)?
Movements of equids. How are movements of equids controlled in, and between zones of the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of identification of equids and movement controls in the zone. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related movements.
Leisure and competition movements of equids. How are movements of competition and leisure equids controlled in the country and the zones? Please provide information on systems including any use of registration. Provide information on any events that include international movements of equids.
Describe the market systems for equids in the country and the zones, in particular, if markets require the international movement of equids.
AHS diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3., and 2.5.1. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied in the country and the zone. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is AHS laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country and the zone? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results. Indicate the laboratory(ies) where samples originating from the zone are diagnosed.
Provide an overview of the AHS approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Details on the types of tests undertaken.
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO that exist in, or planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Describe biosecurity measures applied, particularly in the case where live virus is handled.
AHS surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for AHS in the zone complies with Articles 12.1.11. to 12.1.13. of the Terrestrial Code, and Chapter 2.5.1. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of AHS? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom), is there a compensation system in place and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspect cases, the number of samples tested for AHS, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis) from the zone.
Surveillance. Are the following undertaken?
Serological surveillance.
Virological surveillance.
Sentinel animals.
If so, provide detailed information on the survey designs. How frequently are they conducted? Which were the equine species included? Are wildlife species included? Provide a summary table indicating detailed results, for at least the past two years. Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of equids examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods selected and applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system.
AHS prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries or zones that have been taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to infected equids)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones.
If the AHS free zone is established in an AHS infected country or borders an infected country or infected zones, describe the animal health measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent or vectors, taking into consideration the seasonal vector conditions and existing physical, geographical and ecological barriers.
Import control procedures. From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of equids or their products into the free zone? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such equids and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions (e.g. quarantine) and test procedures are required? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports, temporary admissions or re-entry of equids and their products to the free zone for at least the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings in the zone. Is the service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the Competent Authority. Describe the communication systems between the Competent Authority and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the points of entry into the zone or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
equids,
genetic material (semen, ova and embryos of the equine species),
equine derived (by-)products and biologicals.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal introduction into the zone is detected. Provide information on detected illegal introductions into the zone.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written guidelines, contingency plans (including information on vaccine banks) available to the Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected or confirmed cases of AHS in the country and the zone (including the protection zone if applicable).
In the event of a suspected or confirmed AHS outbreak in the zone:
is quarantine imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis?
are movement restrictions applied on suspicion?
describe the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with AHS;
describe the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, modified stamping-out policy);
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including conditions for restocking;
give details of any compensation made available when equids are killed, for disease control or eradication purposes.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 12.1.2. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration stating:
the section under paragraph 1 (of Article 12.1.2.) on the base of which the application is made;
there has been no outbreak of AHS during the past 24 months in the zone;
no routine vaccination against AHS has been carried out during the past 12 months in the zone;
and that vaccinated equids were imported into the zone in accordance with Chapter 12.1.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 12.1.5. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in sections 4 a), 4 b), 4 c) and 6. and highlight any measures introduced to prevent a recurrence of the infection under Section 7 of this questionnaire.
Questionnaires on PPR
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PPR FREE COUNTRY Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 14.7. of the Terrestrial Code, as a PPR free country |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to PPR dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. Provide a map identifying the factors above.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to PPR.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all PPR related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in PPR surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on PPR).
Role of private veterinary profession in PPR surveillance and control.
PPR eradication
History. Provide a description of the PPR history in the country, date of first detection, epidemiological patterns, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case), lineage(s) present if available.
Strategy. Describe how PPR was controlled and eradicated (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. Was PPR vaccine ever used? If so, when was the last vaccination carried out? What species were vaccinated?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the PPR eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd or flock registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in the country? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement.
PPR diagnosis
Provide evidence that a system is in place for the rapid confirmation of a suspected outbreak i.e. that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is PPR laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the PPR approved laboratories in the country, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Is live virus handled?
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken.
PPR surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for PPR in the country complies with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of PPR? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what incentives are there for reporting and what disincentives for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for PPR virus, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). In particular, provide evidence of compliance with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code.
Serological surveillance. Are serological surveys conducted? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design in accordance with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code. Are wildlife susceptible species included in serological surveys? If not, explain the rationale. Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for PPR virus, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Domestic small ruminant demographics and
economics. What is the population by species and production systems?
How many herds or flocks of
each species are in the country? How are they distributed (e.g. herd or flock density)?
Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics.
What susceptible species are present in the country? Provide estimates
of population sizes and geographic distribution.
Slaughterhouses/abattoirs and markets. Where are the major domestic small ruminant marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of domestic small ruminant movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
PPR prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries that should be taken into account (e.g. distance from the border to susceptible herds, flocks or animals in the neighbouring country)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife or their products? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife and their products for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the service responsible for import controls part of the government services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
small ruminants,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products, i.e. biologics.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of PPR.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspected cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspected cases?
In the event of a PPR outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with PPR;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, etc.) that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled and the disease eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details and prescribed timetable of any compensation made available to owners when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
The Delegate of the Member Country must submit documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 14.7.3. or point 1 of Article 1.4.6. (historical freedom) of the Terrestrial Code have been properly implemented and supervised.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 14.7.7. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in Sections 3 a), 3 b), 3 c) and 5 b) of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
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PPR FREE ZONE Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 14.7. of the Terrestrial Code, as a PPR free zone |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Administration directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country and the zone including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to PPR dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. The boundaries of the zone must be clearly defined, including a protection zone if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone.
Livestock industry. Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and the zone.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to PPR.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all PPR related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant groups in PPR surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on PPR).
Role of private veterinary profession in PPR surveillance and control.
PPR eradication
History. Provide a description of the PPR history in the country and zone, date of first detection, epidemiological patterns, origin of infection, date of eradication (date of last case), lineage(s) present if available.
Strategy. Describe how PPR was controlled and eradicated in the zone (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. Was PPR vaccine ever used? If so, when was the last vaccination carried out? What species were vaccinated?
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the PPR eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are susceptible animals identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the methods of animal identification, herd or flock registration and traceability. How are animal movements controlled in and between zones of the same or different status? Provide evidence on the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement.
PPR diagnosis
Provide evidence that a system is in place for the rapid confirmation of a suspected outbreak i.e. that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is PPR laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the PPR approved laboratories in the country, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Is live virus handled?
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken.
PPR surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for PPR in the zone complies with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of PPR? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what incentives are there for reporting and what disincentives for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for PPR virus, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). In particular, provide evidence of compliance with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code.
Serological surveillance. Are serological surveys conducted? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design in accordance with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code. Are wildlife susceptible species included in serological surveys? If not, explain the rationale. Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of samples tested for PPR virus, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Domestic small ruminant demographics and economics. What is the population by species and production systems? How many herds or flocks of each species are in the country and the zone? How are they distributed (e.g. herd or flock density)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wildlife demographics. What susceptible species are present in the country and the zone? Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution.
Slaughterhouses/abattoirs and markets. Where are the major domestic small ruminant marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of domestic small ruminant movement within the country? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
PPR prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account (e.g. distance from the border to susceptible herds, flocks or animals in the neighbouring country)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones.
If the PPR free zone is situated in a PPR infected country or borders an infected country or zone, describe the animal health measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers.
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife or their products into a free zone? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife and their products for the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, species and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the service responsible for import controls part of the government services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the zone or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
small ruminants,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products, i.e. biologics.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and contingency planning
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of PPR.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspected cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspected cases?
In the event of a PPR outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with PPR;
indicate the control or eradication procedures (e.g. vaccination, stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, etc.) that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled and the disease eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details and prescribed timetable of any compensation made available to owners when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
The Delegate of the Member Country must submit documentary evidence that the provisions of Article 14.7.3. or point 1 of Article 1.4.6. (historical freedom) of the Terrestrial Code have been properly implemented and supervised.
Recovery of status
Member Countries applying for recovery of status should comply with Article 14.7.7. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in Sections 3 a), 3 b), 3 c) and 5 b) of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
Questionnaire on CSF
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CSF FREE COUNTRY OR ZONE Report of a Member Country which applies for recognition of status, under Chapter 15.2. of the Terrestrial Code, as a CSF free country or zone |
Please address concisely the following topics. National regulations and laws and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country or zone including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to CSF dissemination, countries sharing common borders and other countries that although may not be adjacent share a link for the potential introduction of disease. The boundaries of the country or zone must be clearly defined, including a protection zone if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the country or zone.
Pig industry. Provide a general description of the domestic and captive wild pig industry in the country or zone.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to CSF.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all CSF related activities. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Role of farmers, industry and other relevant governmental and non-governmental organisations in CSF surveillance and control (include a description of training and awareness programmes on CSF).
Role of private veterinary profession in CSF surveillance and control.
CSF eradication
History. Provide a description of the CSF history in the country and zone, date of first detection, temporal and spatial distribution, origin of infection, date of last case in the country or zone.
Strategy. Describe how CSF was controlled and eradicated in the country or zone (e.g. stamping-out policy, modified stamping-out policy, zoning), provide time frame for eradication.
Vaccines and vaccination. Was CSF vaccine ever used? If so, of what type and when was the last vaccination carried out? If DIVA vaccine has been used, provide details of the differential tests.
Legislation, organisation and implementation of the CSF eradication campaign. Provide a description of the organisational structure at the different levels. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Animal identification and movement control. Are pigs identified (individually or at a group level)? Provide a description of the criteria and methods for animal identification, herd registration and traceability for all sectors of pig production including free-ranging pig management systems. How are pig movements controlled in different sectors in the country or zone, or between zones of the same or different status?
CSF diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.1, 1.1.2., 1.1.3., and 2.8.3. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is CSF laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of approved laboratories. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results.
Provide an overview of the CSF approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of formal quality management systems, such as Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Is live virus handled?
Biosecurity and biosafety measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken.
CSF surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for CSF in the country or zone complies with Articles 15.2.26. to 15.2.32. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.8.3. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Clinical suspicion. What are the criteria for raising a suspicion of CSF? What is the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past 12 months, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for CSFV, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis).
Serological and virological surveillance. Are serological or virological surveys conducted? If so, provide detailed information on the survey design (confidence level, sample size, stratification). How frequently are they conducted? Are wild and feral pigs included in surveillance? For both serological and virological surveillance provide a summary table indicating, for the past 12 months, the number of samples tested for CSFV, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide details on follow-up actions taken on all suspicious and positive results. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of pigs examined and samples tested. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Domestic and captive wild pig populations and production. What is the pig population? Provide a description of the different production systems present in the country and zone(s) and production figures in each sector. How many herds are in the country and zone(s)? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Wild and feral pig
populations. Provide estimates of population sizes, geographic distribution
and, if available, population trends in the country and zone(s).
Slaughterhouses and markets. Where are the major pig marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of pig movement within the country or zone, and between zone(s) of the same or different status? How are the pigs sourced, transported and handled during these transactions? Is any surveillance carried out at slaughterhouses? Provide data on the number of pigs slaughtered and inspected during the past 12 months.
CSF prevention
Coordination with neighbouring countries. Are there any relevant factors about the adjacent countries or zones that should be taken into account (e.g. size, distance from adjacent border to affected herds or wild and feral pig populations)? Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries. Are protection zones in place? If so, provide details on the measures that are applied (e.g. vaccination, intensified surveillance, pig density control), and provide a geo-referenced map of the zone(s).
Import control procedures
From what countries or zones does the country authorise the import of pigs or their products? What criteria are applied to approve such countries or zones? What controls are applied on entry of such pigs and products, and subsequent internal movement? What import conditions and test procedures are required? Are imported pigs required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period? If so, for how long and where? Are import permits and health certificates required? What other procedures are used? Provide summary statistics of imports of pigs and their products for the past 12 months, specifying country or zone of origin and volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Is the official service responsible for import controls part of the official services, or is it an independent body? If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste from international traffic, who is responsible and provide a summary, for the past twelve months, of the quantity disposed of. Is swill feeding of pigs allowed in the country? If so, provide details on any heat inactivation procedures that are applied.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
pigs,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
fresh meat, pig products and by-products,
veterinary medicinal products (i.e. biologics).
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and contingency planning
What are the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and captive wild pigs, and wild and feral pig populations?
If DIVA vaccine is used as part of risk mitigation, provide details of the vaccine and the differential tests.
Describe the procedures applied to ensure disinfection of vehicles and equipment, including verification methods.
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the official services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of CSF.
Is quarantine imposed on premises with suspected cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspected cases?
In the event of a CSF outbreak:
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with CSF;
indicate the control and eradication procedures (e.g. policies on emergency vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter, etc.) that would be taken. Provide details of any vaccine supply scheme and stocks. If DIVA vaccines may be used, also include details on the differential test. Include details on carcass disposal, logistics and methods;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments when pigs are slaughtered for disease control and eradication purposes and the prescribed timetable for payments.
Compliance with the Terrestrial Code
In addition to the documentary evidence that the provisions of Articles 15.2.2. and 15.2.3. are properly implemented and supervised, the Delegate of the Member Country must submit a declaration indicating:
there has been no outbreak of CSF or evidence of CSFV infection in domestic and captive wild pigs in the country or zone during the past 12 months;
no vaccination against CSF has been carried out in domestic and captive wild pigs in the country or zone during the past 12 months; or, if vaccination is carried out, vaccinated and infected pigs can be distinguished by a means validated in accordance with Chapter 2.8.3. of the Terrestrial Manual;
imported pigs and pig commodities comply with the relevant requirements in Chapter 15.2.
Recovery of free status
Member Countries applying for recovery of free status of a country or zone should comply with Article 15.2.6. of the Terrestrial Code and provide detailed information as specified in sections 3 a), 3 b), 3 c), 5 b) and 7 of this questionnaire. Information in relation to other sections need only be supplied if relevant.
Questionnaire on FMD
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COUNTRY WITH AN OIE ENDORSED OFFICIAL CONTROL PROGRAMME FOR FMD Report of a Member Country which applies for the OIE endorsement of its official control programme for FMD under Chapter 8.8. of the Terrestrial Code |
Address concisely the following topics. National laws, regulations and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Provide a general description of geographical factors in the country and zones, including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to FMD dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that, although not adjacent, present a risk for the introduction of disease.
If the endorsed plan is gradually implemented to specific parts of the country, the boundaries of the zones should be clearly defined, including the protection zone, if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zones.
Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and any zones.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to the FMD control programme.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Service of the country with the provisions of Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. in the Terrestrial Code and Article 1.1.3. in the Terrestrial Code and describe how Veterinary Services supervise, control and maintain all FMD related activities in the country and any zones. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Provide a description on the involvement and the participation of industry, producers, farmers, including subsistence and small scale producers, community animal health workers and the role of the private veterinary profession in FMD surveillance and control. Include a description of training and awareness programmes on FMD.
Provide information on any OIE PVS evaluation of the country and follow-up steps within the PVS Pathway.
Provide evidence that the legal framework and budget ensure that control and surveillance activities are implemented in an effective and sustainable way.
FMD control
Provide a description of the FMD history in the country and any zones, including date of first detection, origin of infection, date of implementation of the control programme in the country and any zones, and types and subtypes of the FMDV present.
Describe the general epidemiology of FMD in the country and the surrounding countries or zones highlighting the current knowledge and gaps.
Describe how FMD is controlled in the country or any zones.
Provide a description of the legislation, organisation and implementation of the FMD control programme. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Provide information on what types of vaccines are used and which species are vaccinated. Provide information on the licensing process of the vaccines used. Describe the vaccination programme in the country and in any zones, including records kept, and provide evidence to show its effectiveness, such as vaccination coverage, population immunity, etc. Provide details on the studies carried out to determine the population immunity, including the study design.
Provide a description of the methods of animal identification (at the individual or group level), herd registration and traceability and how the movements of animals and products are assessed and controlled, including movement of infected animals to slaughter. Describe the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Please provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe measures to prevent introduction of FMDV from neighbouring countries or zones and through trade.
Provide evidence of the impact of the control measures already implemented in the event of outbreaks on the reduction of distribution and numbers of outbreaks. If possible, provide information on primary and secondary outbreaks.
FMD surveillance
Provide documentary evidence on whether surveillance for FMD in the country complies with the provisions of Articles 8.8.40. to 8.8.42. in the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Describe the criteria for raising a suspicion of FMD and the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report.
Describe how clinical surveillance is conducted, including which levels of the livestock production system are included in clinical surveillance, such as farms, markets, fairs, slaughterhouses, check points, etc. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested in diagnostic laboratories. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators. Explain whether serological and virological surveys are conducted and, if so, how frequently and for what purpose.
Provide a summary table indicating, for at least the past two years, the number of samples tested for FMD and FMDV, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide procedural details on follow-up actions taken on suspicious and positive results.
Provide information on livestock demographics and economics, including the susceptible animal population by species and production systems in the country and the zone. Identify how many herds, flocks, etc. of each susceptible species are in the country and how they are distributed, such as herd density, etc. Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Provide information on the demographics and migration patterns of FMD susceptible wildlife species, including which susceptible species are present in the country and any zones. Provide estimates of population sizes and geographic distribution. Identify whether susceptible wildlife are included in surveillance. Identify the measures in place to prevent contact between domestic and susceptible wildlife.
Identify the livestock slaughter, marketing and collection centres. Provide information on the patterns of livestock movement within the country, including how animals are transported and handled during these transactions.
Provide information on circulating strains and risk in different husbandry systems, and provide evidence that targeted studies are implemented to address gaps (e.g. targeted serological surveys, active surveillance, participatory epidemiology studies, risk assessments, etc.) and that the acquired knowledge assists in more effective implementation of control measures.
Provide evidence that surveys are carried out to assess vaccination coverage and population immunity of the target populations, show laboratory evidence that the vaccine used is appropriate for circulating strains of virus, show analysis of surveillance data to assess the change in FMD prevalence over time in the target populations, assess the control measures (cost effectiveness, degree of implementation, impact), provide information on outcomes of outbreak investigations including outbreaks that have occurred despite control measures, documented inspections showing compliance with biosecurity and hygiene requirements.
FMD laboratory diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that the provisions of Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.1.5. in the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is FMD laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of laboratories approved by the Competent Authority to diagnose FMD. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results. If applicable, indicate the laboratory(ies) where samples originating from any zone are diagnosed. Is there regular submission of samples from the country or zone to a laboratory that carries out diagnosis and further characterisation of strains in accordance with the standards and methods described in the Terrestrial Manual?
Provide an overview of the FMD approved laboratories, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details on participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Is live virus handled?
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken.
FMD prevention
Describe the procedures in place to prevent the introduction of FMD into the country. In particular provide details on:
Coordination with neighbouring countries, trading partners and other countries within the same region. Identify relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account such as size, distance from adjacent borders to affected herds or animals, surveillance carried in adjacent countries. Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones. Describe the measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers. Describe the measures implemented to prevent the propagation of the agent within the country or zone and through trade. Provide evidence that measures are in place at markets to reduce transmission of FMD such as enhancing awareness of FMD transmission mechanisms and behaviours that can interrupt transmission, implementation of good biosecurity practices, hygiene, cleaning and disinfection routines at critical points all along the production and marketing networks (typically where animals are being moved, and marketed through the country or region).
What measures are taken to limit access of susceptible domestic, feral and wild animals to waste products of animal origin? Are there controls in place for the feeding of swill containing animal products to pigs? If so, provide information on the extent of the practice, and describe controls and surveillance measures.
Provide information on countries or zones from which the country authorises the import of susceptible animals or their products into the country or zone. Describe the criteria applied to approve such countries or zones, the controls applied on entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement. Describe the import conditions and test procedures required. Advise whether imported animals of susceptible species are required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period and, if so, the duration and location of quarantine. Advise whether import permits and health certificates are required. Describe any other procedures used. Provide summary statistics on imports of susceptible animals and their products for at least the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, the species and the number or volume. Provide evidence that the import policy and the improved border controls have contributed to reducing the number of outbreaks or that outbreaks are not related to imports or transboundary movements of domestic animals.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Advise whether the service responsible for import controls is part of the official services, or if it is an independent body. If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Provide a description on the methods used for the safe disposal of waste food from international traffic, who is responsible to supervise this and provide a summary, for the past two years, of the quantity disposed of.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country and their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:�
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos),
animal products,
veterinary medicinal products, i.e. biologics,
other livestock related goods potentially contaminated with FMDV including bedding, litter and feeds.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on illegal imports detected, if available.
Control measures and emergency response
Give details of any written guidelines, including emergency response plans, available to Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of FMD.
Advise whether quarantine is imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis and any other procedures followed in respect of suspicious cases.
In the event of a FMD outbreak:
provide a detailed description of procedures that are followed in case of an outbreak including forward and backward tracing;
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any establishments found to be infected with FMD;
indicate the control or eradication procedures, such as vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter or vaccination, including vaccination delivery and cold chain, movement control, control of wildlife, pastured livestock and livestock as pets, control of the livestock waste, campaign to promote awareness of farmers, etc. that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable;
describe how control efforts, including vaccination and biosecurity measures, have been targeted at critical risk control points.
Official control programme for FMD submitted for OIE endorsement
Submit a detailed plan on the measures, in addition to those described in point 3, for the control and eventual eradication of FMD in the Member Country, including:
objectives,
expected status to be achieved,
timelines of the control programme,
performance indicators and methods for their measurement and verification, including the progressive reduction in outbreak incidence towards elimination of FMDV transmission in all susceptible livestock in at least one zone of the country,
description of the funding for the control programme and annual budgets for its duration,
details, if applicable, on a proposed timeline for the transition to the use of vaccines, which are fully compliant with the Terrestrial Manual in order to enable demonstration of no evidence of FMDV transmission.
Recovery of official endorsement of the national FMD control programme
Member Countries applying for recovery of the official endorsement of the national FMD control programme should provide updated information in compliance with the provisions of Article 8.8.39. in the Terrestrial Code.
Questionnaire on PPR
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COUNTRY WITH AN OIE ENDORSED OFFICIAL CONTROL PROGRAMME FOR PPR Report of a Member Country which applies for the OIE endorsement of its official control programme for PPR under Chapter 14.7. of the Terrestrial Code |
Please address concisely the following topics. National laws, regulations and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Provide a general description of geographical factors in the country and any defined zones, including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to PPR dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that, although not adjacent, present a risk for the introduction of disease.
If the endorsed plan is being gradually implemented to specific parts of the country, the boundaries of the zone(s) should be clearly defined, including the protection zone, if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zone(s).
Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and any zones.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to the PPR control programme.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Services of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all PPR related activities in the country and any zones. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Provide a description on the involvement and the participation of industry, producers, farmers, including subsistence and small scale producers, community animal health workers and the role of the private veterinary profession in PPR surveillance and control. Include a description of training and awareness programmes on PPR.
Provide information on any OIE PVS evaluation of the country and follow-up steps within the PVS Pathway.
PPR control
Provide a description of the PPR history in the country and any zones, including date of first detection, origin of infection, date of implementation of the control programme in the country and any zones, and any information available on lineages of the PPR virus present.
Describe the general epidemiology of PPR in the country and the surrounding countries or zones highlighting the current knowledge and gaps.
Describe how PPR is controlled in the country or any zones.
Provide a description of the legislation, organisation and implementation of the PPR control programme. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Provide information on the vaccine and if it is certified (If yes please provide the name of the certifying institution/body). Describe the vaccination programme in the country and in any zones, including records kept, and provide evidence to show its effectiveness, such as vaccination coverage, population immunity, etc. Provide details on the studies carried out to determine the population immunity, including the study design.
Provide a description of the methods of animal identification (at the individual or group level), herd registration and traceability; and how the movements of animals are assessed and controlled, including movement of infected animals to slaughter. Describe the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Describe measures to prevent introduction of the virus from neighbouring countries or zones and through trade.
PPR surveillance
Provide documentary evidence on whether surveillance for PPR in the country complies with Articles 14.7.27. to 14.7.33. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Describe the criteria for raising a suspicion of PPR and the procedure to notify (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report.
Describe how clinical surveillance is conducted, including which levels of the livestock production system are included in clinical surveillance, such as farms, markets, fairs, slaughterhouses, check points, etc. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested in diagnostic laboratories. Provide details on the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators. Explain whether serological and virological surveys are conducted and, if so, how frequently and for what purpose.
Provide a summary table indicating, for at least the past two years, the number of samples tested for PPR diagnosis, species, type of sample, testing method(s) and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide procedural details on follow-up actions taken on suspicious and positive results.
Provide information on small ruminant demographics and economics, including the production systems in the country and the zone. Identify how many herds, flocks, etc. of each small ruminant species are in the country and how they are distributed, such as herd density, etc. Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Identify the livestock slaughter, marketing and collection centres. Provide information on the patterns of livestock movement within the country, including how animals are transported and handled during these transactions.
PPR laboratory diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2.,
1.1.3. and 2.7.11. of the Terrestrial Manual are
applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is PPR laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of laboratories approved by the Competent Authority to diagnose PPR. If not, provide the name(s) of and the arrangements with the laboratory(ies) samples are sent to, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results. If applicable, indicate the laboratory(ies) where samples originating from any zone are diagnosed. Is there regular submission of samples from the country or zone to a laboratory that carries out diagnosis and further characterisation of strains in accordance with the standards and methods described in the Terrestrial Manual?
Provide an overview of the approved laboratory(ies)
where PPR diagnosis is carried out, in particular to address the
following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details on participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Is live virus handled?
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken.
PPR prevention
Describe the procedures in place to prevent the introduction of PPR into the country. In particular provide details on:
Coordination with neighbouring countries, trading partners and other countries within the same region. Identify relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account such as size, distance from adjacent borders to affected herds or animals, surveillance carried out in adjacent countries. Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones. Describe the measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers. Describe the measures implemented to prevent the propagation of the agent within the country or zone and through trade.
Provide information on countries or zones from which the country authorises the import of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife or their products into the country or zone. Describe the criteria applied to approve such countries or zones, the controls applied on entry of such animals, and subsequent internal movement. Describe the import conditions and test procedures required. Advise whether imported sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife are required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period and, if so, the duration and location of quarantine. Advise whether import permits and health certificates are required.
Describe any other procedures used. Provide summary statistics on imports of sheep and goats and susceptible wildlife and their products for at least the past two years, specifying country or zone of origin, the species and the number.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land crossings. Advise whether the service responsible for import controls is part of the official services, or if it is an independent body. If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country and their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
genetic material (semen and embryos).
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports, if available.
Control measures and emergency response
Give details of any written guidelines, including emergency response plans, available to the Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of PPR.
Advise whether quarantine is imposed on premises with suspicious cases, pending final diagnosis and any other procedures followed in respect of suspected cases.
In the event of a PPR outbreak:
provide a detailed description of procedures that are followed in case of an outbreak including forward and backward tracing;
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of PPR virus;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with PPR virus;
indicate the control or eradication procedures, such as vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter, movement control, pastured sheep and goats, campaign to promote awareness of farmers, etc. that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Official control programme for PPR submitted for OIE endorsement
Submit a detailed plan on the measures, in addition to those described in point 3, for the control and eventual eradication of PPR in the Member Country, including:
objectives,
timelines of the control programme,
performance indicators, including methods for measurement and verification,
details, if applicable, on a proposed timeline for the transition to the cessation of vaccination in order to enable demonstration of absence of virus circulation.
Recovery of the endorsement by the OIE of the official control programme for PPR
Member Countries applying for recovery of the endorsement by the OIE of their official control programme for PPR should provide updated information in compliance with Article 14.7.34. of the Terrestrial Code.
Questionnaire on CBPP
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COUNTRY WITH AN OIE ENDORSED OFFICIAL CONTROL PROGRAMME FOR CBPP Report of a Member Country which applies for the OIE endorsement of its official control programme for CBPP under Chapter 11.7. of the Terrestrial Code |
Please address concisely the following topics. National laws, regulations and Veterinary Authority directives may be referred to and annexed as appropriate in one of the OIE official languages.
Introduction
Geographical factors. Provide a general description of the country and zones including physical, geographical and other factors that are relevant to CBPP dissemination, countries or zones sharing common borders and other countries or zones that, although not adjacent, present a risk for the introduction of disease.
If the endorsed plan is gradually implemented in specific parts of the country, the boundaries of the zones should be clearly defined, including the protection zone, if applied. Provide a digitalised, geo-referenced map with a precise text description of the geographical boundaries of the zones.
Provide a general description of the livestock industry in the country and any zones.
Veterinary system
Legislation. Provide a list and summary of all relevant veterinary legislations in relation to CBPP control programme.
Veterinary Services. Provide documentation on the compliance of the Veterinary Services of the country with Chapters 3.1. and 3.2. of the Terrestrial Code and 1.1.3. of the Terrestrial Manual and describe how the Veterinary Services supervise and control all CBPP related activities in the country and any zones. Provide maps and tables wherever possible.
Provide a description of the involvement and the participation of industry, producers, farmers, including subsistence and small scale producers, community animal health workers and the role of the private veterinary profession in CBPP surveillance and control. Include a description of training and awareness programmes on CBPP.
Provide information on any OIE PVS evaluation of the country and follow-up steps within the PVS Pathway.
CBPP control
Provide a description of CBPP history in the country and any zones, including date of first detection, origin of infection, date of implementation of the control programme in the country and any zones, and types and subtypes of MmmSC present.
Describe the general epidemiology of CBPP in the country and the surrounding countries or zones highlighting the current knowledge and gaps.
Describe how CBPP is controlled in the country or any zones.
Provide a description of the legislation, organisation and implementation of the current CBPP control programme. Indicate if detailed operational guidelines exist and give a brief summary.
Provide information on types of vaccines used and species vaccinated. Provide information on the licensing process for the vaccines used. Describe the vaccination programme in the country and in any zones, including records kept, and provide evidence to show its effectiveness, such as vaccination coverage, population immunity, etc. Provide details on the studies carried out to determine the population immunity, including the study design.
Provide a description of the methods of animal identification (at the individual or group level), herd registration and traceability and how the movements of animals and products are assessed and controlled, including movement of infected animals to slaughter. Describe the effectiveness of animal identification and movement controls. Provide information on pastoralism, transhumance and related paths of movement. Describe measures to prevent introduction of CBPP from neighbouring countries or zones and through trade.
CBPP surveillance
Provide documentary evidence that surveillance for CBPP in the country complies with Articles 11.7.13. to 11.7.17. of the Terrestrial Code and Chapter 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Describe the criteria for suspecting a case of CBPP and the procedure for notifying (by whom and to whom) and what penalties are involved for failure to report.
Provide a description of the means employed to detect the presence of any MmmSC strain in the susceptible population of the zone. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested. Provide details of the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators.
Describe how clinical surveillance is conducted, including which levels of the livestock production system are included in clinical surveillance, such as farms, markets, fairs, slaughterhouses/abattoirs, check points, etc. Provide criteria for selection of populations for targeted surveillance and numbers of animals examined and samples tested in diagnostic laboratories. Provide details of the methods applied for monitoring the performance of the surveillance system including indicators. Explain whether serological and slaughterhouse/abattoir surveys are conducted and, if so, how frequently and for what purpose.
Slaughterhouses/abattoirs, slaughter slabs. What are the criteria for suspecting a lesion is CBPP? What is the procedure for notifying (by whom and to whom)? Provide a summary table indicating, for the past two years, the number of suspected cases, the number of samples tested for CBPP agent, species, type of sample, testing methods and results (including differential diagnosis). Provide procedural details on follow-up actions taken on suspicious and positive results.
Provide details of training programmes for personnel involved in clinical and slaughterhouses/abattoirssurveillance, and the approaches used to increase community involvement in CBPP surveillance programmes.
In countries where a significant proportion of animals in the country or zone are not slaughtered in controlled slaughterhouses/abattoirs, what are the alternative surveillance measures applied to detect CBPP (e.g. active clinical surveillance programme, laboratory follow-up).
Livestock demographics and economics. What is the susceptible animal population by species and production systems? How many herds of each susceptible species are in the country or zone? How are they distributed (e.g. herd density, etc.)? Provide tables and maps as appropriate.
Slaughterhouses/abattoirs and markets. Where are the major livestock marketing or collection centres? What are the patterns of livestock movement within the country and the zone? How are the animals transported and handled during these transactions?
CBPP laboratory diagnosis
Provide documentary evidence that Chapters 1.1.2., 1.1.3. and 2.4.9. of the Terrestrial Manual are applied. In particular, the following points should be addressed:
Is CBPP laboratory diagnosis carried out in the country? If so, provide a list of laboratories approved by the Competent Authority to diagnose CBPP. If not, provide the names of and the arrangements with the laboratories to which samples are sent, the follow-up procedures and the time frame for obtaining results. If applicable, indicate the laboratories where samples originating from any zone are diagnosed. Is there regular submission of samples from the country or zone to a laboratory that carries out diagnosis and further characterisation of strains in accordance with the standards and methods described in the Terrestrial Manual?
Provide an overview of the laboratories approved to test for CBPP, in particular to address the following points:
Procedures for the official accreditation of laboratories. Give details of internal quality management systems, e.g. Good Laboratory Practice, ISO, etc. that exist in, or are planned for, the laboratory system.
Give details of participation in inter-laboratory validation tests (ring tests).
Biosecurity measures applied.
Details of the type of tests undertaken including procedures to isolate and identify M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC as opposed to M.mycoides subsp. mycoides LC.
CBPP prevention
Describe the procedures in place to prevent the introduction of CBPP into the country. In particular provide details of:
Coordination with neighbouring countries, trading partners and other countries within the same region. Identify relevant factors about the adjacent countries and zones that should be taken into account such as size, distance from adjacent borders to affected herds or animals, surveillance carried in adjacent countries. Describe coordination, collaboration and information sharing activities with neighbouring countries and zones. Describe the measures implemented to effectively prevent the introduction of the agent, taking into consideration physical or geographical barriers. Describe the measures implemented to prevent the propagation of the agent within the country or zone and through trade.
Import control procedures
Provide information on countries, zones or compartments from which the country authorises the import of susceptible animals or their products into the country or zone. Describe the criteria applied to approve such countries, zones or compartments. Describe the controls applied to entry of such animals and products, and subsequent internal movement. Describe the import conditions and test procedures required. Advise whether imported animals of susceptible species are required to undergo a quarantine or isolation period and, if so, the duration and location of quarantine. Advise whether import permits and health certificates are required. Describe any other procedures used. Provide summary statistics of imports of susceptible animals and their products for at least the past two years, specifying country, zone or compartments of origin, the species and the number or volume.
Provide a map with the number and location of ports, airports and land border crossings. Advise whether the service responsible for import controls is part of the official services, or if it is an independent body. If it is an independent body, describe its management structure, staffing levels and resources, and its accountability to the central Veterinary Services. Describe the communication systems between the central authorities and the border inspection posts, and between border inspection posts.
Describe the regulations, procedures, type and frequency of checks at the point of entry into the country or zone or their final destination, concerning the import and follow-up of the following:
animals,
semen, embryos and oocytes,
veterinary medicinal products, i.e. biologics.
Describe the action available under legislation, and actually taken, when an illegal import is detected. Provide information on detected illegal imports.
Control measures and emergency response
Give details of any written guidelines, including contingency plans, available to the Veterinary Services for dealing with suspected or confirmed outbreaks of CBPP.
Advise whether quarantine is imposed on premises with suspected cases, pending final diagnosis? What other procedures are followed regarding suspected cases?
In the event of a CBPP outbreak:
provide a detailed description of procedures that are followed in case of an outbreak including forward and backward tracing;
indicate the sampling and testing procedures used to identify and confirm presence of the causative agent;
describe the actions taken to control the disease situation in and around any holdings found to be infected with CBPP;
indicate the control or eradication procedures, such as vaccination, stamping-out policy, partial slaughter with vaccination, movement control, pastured livestock and livestock as pets, control of offal, especially lungs, and carcasses, campaign to promote awareness of farmers, etc. that would be taken;
describe the procedures used to confirm that an outbreak has been successfully controlled or eradicated, including any restrictions on restocking;
give details of any compensation payments made available to farmers, etc. when animals are slaughtered for disease control or eradication purposes and their prescribed timetable.
Official control programme for CBPP submitted for OIE endorsement
Submit a detailed plan on the measures, in addition to those described in point 3, for the control and eventual eradication of CBPP in the Member Country, including:
objectives,
expected status to be achieved; for zones (if applicable) and for the whole country,
timelines of the control programme including cessation of vaccination,
performance indicators, including methods for measurement and verification,
description of the funding for the control programme and annual budgets for its duration.
Recovery of the endorsement by the OIE of the official control programme for CBPP
Member Countries applying for recovery of the endorsement by the OIE of their official control programme for CBPP should provide updated information in compliance with Article 11.7.18. of the Terrestrial Code.
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2016 ©OIE - Terrestrial Animal Health Code |
